Texas Real Estate Brokerage Sales Apprentice Education (SAE) Practice Exam

What is a common characteristic of a market economy?

1. Government-controlled prices

2. Surplus of goods

3. Interaction of supply and demand

4. Fixed wages

The correct answer is: Interaction of supply and demand

A common characteristic of a market economy is the interaction of supply and demand. This fundamental principle dictates how goods and services are produced, distributed, and consumed within the economy. In a market economy, prices are determined by the forces of supply (the amount of a good or service available) and demand (the desire for that good or service). When demand for a product increases and supply remains constant, prices tend to rise. Conversely, if supply exceeds demand, prices typically fall. This dynamic allows for efficient resource allocation, as producers respond to consumer preferences and adjust their output accordingly. In a market economy, the role of government is generally limited, focusing instead on providing a framework to facilitate these market interactions rather than controlling them. This is in contrast to options that suggest a more centralized approach, such as government-controlled prices or fixed wages, which are characteristics of a command or planned economy. Understanding the interaction of supply and demand is crucial for grasping how a market economy functions and how it adapts to changes in consumer behavior and economic conditions.